The Rest Is History
The Rest Is History

Elizabeth I vs The Catholics: A Massacre in Paris (Part 2)

July 29, 2026

AI Summary

5 min read

In the early hours of August 24, 1572, the bells of the Church of Saint Germain began to toll in Paris. For the city’s Protestants, known as Huguenots, it was the signal for a wholesale slaughter that would leave thousands dead, their bodies castrated, defenestrated, dragged through the mud, and strung up by the feet at the city’s gibbet. The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, as it became known, was the most infamous bloodbath in sixteenth-century European history—and it permanently reshaped the paranoid, ideological lens through which England’s Protestant rulers viewed their Catholic enemies.

The Massacre and Its Horrors

The violence began as a targeted aristocratic assassination. The Duke of Guise, the most powerful Catholic nobleman in France, had a personal and sectarian score to settle with Gaspard de Coligny, the Admiral of France and leader of the Huguenots. Coligny had been invited to Paris as a guest of honor for a wedding meant to reconcile Catholics and Protestants—the marriage of the French king’s sister to the Protestant King of Navarre. Guise first sponsored an assassination attempt that left Coligny shot through the arm. Two days later, a death squad forced its way into Coligny’s rooms, murdered him, and hurled his body into the street, where Guise trampled it.

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What you'll learn

  • 1 Elizabeth I vs The Catholics: A Massacre in Paris (Part 2)
  • 2 (03:55) **The Massacre Begins** - Christopher Marlowe's play dramatizes the 1572 St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, and the hosts explain how the Duke of Guise's theatrical cruelty closely matched real events
  • 3 (09:35) **The Pogrom Spreads** - What began as an aristocratic assassination explodes into a city-wide massacre of Protestants, with thousands killed in Paris alone
  • 4 (14:57) **Catholic Celebrations and Shifting Reactions** - The Pope and Philip II initially celebrate the massacre, but some Catholics later feel shame as full details emerge
  • 5 (18:58) **The English Reaction: Paranoia Confirmed** - For William Cecil (Lord Burghley) and English Protestants, the massacre proves Catholic intentions to destroy Protestantism everywhere
  • 6 (21:07) **Walsingham Witnesses the Horror** - Francis Walsingham, Elizabeth's ambassador in Paris, provides sanctuary to Huguenots and English Protestants during the massacre
  • 7 (23:36) **Walsingham Returns as Spymaster** - Having seen Catholic violence up close, Walsingham becomes Elizabeth's principal secretary and head of intelligence, more hawkish than ever

+ Full timestamped outline available in the app

Show Notes

What inspired the deadliest bloodbath of the Tudor age: the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre of 1572, in which protestants were slaughtered en masse? How did it drive Elizabeth I’s spy master, Francis Walsingham, to repress all treasonous activity in her realm? And, what terrible treason was brewing in Rome…?  


Join Tom and Dominic as they discuss the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, Sir Francis Walsingham, and one of the most devilish religious conspiracies of all time…



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Video Editors: Jack Meek, Harry Swan + Adam Thornton  

Social Producer: Harry Balden

Producers: Tabby Syrett & Aaliyah Akude 

Senior Producer: Callum Hill   

Executive Producer: Dom Johnson 

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