Elisha Cresques (1325 - 1387): A Medieval Jewish Mapmaker (with Prof. Katrin Kogman-Appel)
May 3, 2026
AI Summary
5 min readA Jewish Mapmaker Who Changed How We See the World
In 1375, a Jewish scribe and illuminator named Elisha Cresques completed something unprecedented: a rectangular world map that combined the nautical accuracy of a portolan chart with the scientific cosmology of Ptolemy—a fusion that would not be replicated in Europe for another century. The map was commissioned by King Peter IV of Aragon as a gift for the French dauphin, the future Charles V, and it survives today as the Catalan Atlas, one of the most remarkable artifacts of medieval cartography. But Cresques himself remained largely unknown until 1974, when a Catalan historian identified him as the same person who had signed the lavish Farhi Bible a decade earlier—a discovery that opened a window onto a Jewish intellectual world that had been hiding in plain sight.
The Man Behind the Map
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What you'll learn
- 1 (05:29) **Defining Key Terms: Illumination, Illustration, and Cartography** - Professor Kogman-Appel clarifies the technical meanings of these medieval crafts before diving into Elisha Cresques' work.
- 2 (07:37) **The Setting: Majorca and its Jewish Community** - A historical overview of the island where Cresques lived, including its conquests, demographics, and the role of its Jewish population.
- 3 (12:41) **Cresques' Biography: A Rare Documentary Trail** - How an unusually detailed colophon and archival records allow us to reconstruct the life of this Jewish scribe and mapmaker.
- 4 (17:49) **Family and Social Standing** - Details about Cresques' relatives, his marriage, and his prosperous life in Majorca.
- 5 (23:03) **The Two Types of Medieval Maps** - A crucial distinction between conceptual "Mappaemundi" and scientific "Portolan charts," which frames Cresques' unique achievement.
- 6 (31:03) **The Catalan World Map: A Visual Encyclopedia** - An introduction to Cresques' masterwork, explaining its unique rectangular form and dual nature as both a Portolan chart and a scientific world map.
- 7 (35:33) **The Ptolemaic Framework** - How the ancient Greek scientist Claudius Ptolemy's geocentric cosmology and projection method shaped the entire design of Cresques' map.
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Show Notes
#469
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> This podcast episode is sponsored by The Holocaust, Genocide & Tolerance Education Program at Touro Graduate School of Education. For more information or to apply to the Holocaust, Genocide & Tolerance Education Program at Touro University Graduate School of Education, please contact:
Dr. Julie Golding [email protected] or visit https://rmi.touro.edu/holocaust/
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